Environment

Where your code runs

• your laptop
• bare metal server
• server in cloud

Local and remote

Develop and Production

What we have

• Local develop environment
• Remote develop environment
• Local production environment
• Remote production environment

Local develop environment

• Your code
• Application and runtime to run your code

Common problems

• Code is a mess
• Bug only occurs in production

Solutions

• Use version control and organize your projects
• Have a unified environment setup

Vagrant

A unified develop environment

Create and configure lightweight, reproducible, and portable develop environment.

Vagrant = virtual machine + config tools

Virtual Machine

Virtual Machine

• Vmware
• Virtual box
• Xen

Vmware

• Personal + Company
• Commercial + Cloud

VirtualBox

• Personal + Company
• OpenSource (GNU)

Xen

The Xen Project is the leading open source virtualization platform that is powering some of the largest clouds in production today. Amazon Web Services, Aliyun, Rackspace Public Cloud, Verizon Cloud and many hosting services use Xen Project software. Plus, it is integrated into multiple cloud orchestration projects like OpenStack.

Problems for using Virtual Machine

• GUI is not necessary and slow
• Can't use host editor
• Config is a pain
• Config is not portable

Vagrant Essentials

• Vagrantfile
• base image
• share folder
• port mapping

Vagrantfile

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|

  # the base box is ubuntu 14.04 LTS
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/trusty64"

  # need to check update
  config.vm.box_check_update = true

  # forward guest 80 to host 8080
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Use 777 for the default mount folder. which works for Ubuntu and Mac, windows always got 777
  config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", \
    :disabled => false, \
    :mount_options  => ['dmode=777,fmode=777']

  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
     # Don't show the GUI unless you have some bug
     vb.gui = false
     # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
     vb.memory = "1024"
     # Config the name
     vb.name = "at15-lnmp"
  end
end
                

Vagrant base box (image)

• Ubuntu 14.04 LTS  ubuntu/trusty64
• LNMP Ubuntu 14.04  at15/lnmp
• LNMP CentOS  lukexuan/centos7
• Discover for yourself

vagrant init ubuntu/trusty64

Vagrant share folder

mount Vagrantfile folder to /vagrant by default

bi-direction

Vagrant port mapping

use Vagrant file

  # forward guest 80 to host 8080
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
                

Vagrant commands

• vagrant init <box-name>
• vagrant up
• vagrant ssh
• vagrant halt

Vagrant commands

• vagrant reload
• vagrant destroy
• vagrant package

FAQ

• [Win] retry, connection time out -> enable VT-X
• [Win] vagrant ssh failed -> use Git Bash / Putty
• [Ubuntu] can't start after kernel update -> recompile vbox

Workspace

Organize your code

Bad example

Problems

• various source, ie: homework, project, OpenSource
• name collision, ie: fork
• too many projects, ie: gaocegege

Solutions

• use nested folders
• organize by git host, the Go way

The one fits you is the best for you

Request lifecycle

What happens when you type google.com in your browser and press enter?

The original video is on vimeo. It has omit a lot important procedures due to time limit.

Request

• Browser
• Server
• Application Server

Response

• Application Server
• Server
• Browser

Browser

Make HTTP request to the server

Server

Serve static file, route, proxy the request to Application server

• Apache, the A in LAMP
• Nginx, the N in LNMP

Application Server

Handle business logic, like user login.

• PHP, php-fpm
• Java, Jetty, Tomcat -> servlet
• Ruby, Unicorn, Puma -> Rake
• Python, WSGI
• cgi ... etc

LNMP,LAMP

The famous web development stack

• L -> Linux
• N, A -> Nginx, Apache
• M -> MySQL
• P -> PHP (Python, Perl :)

Free, Easy to learn and use

Static, Dynamic?

PHP

The best programming language in the world /w\

Why PHP

Easy to use, easy to learn

Command line

Hello world

<?php

echo 'I am ' . $argv[0] . PHP_EOL;

if ( $argc > 1 ) {
   echo 'Hello ' . $argv[1];
}else{
   echo 'Hello /w\\';
}

echo PHP_EOL;

                

Web application

Hello world

<?php
$name = '/w\\';

if(isset($_GET['name'])){
    $name = $_GET['name'];
}

echo "Hello {$name}";
                

Homework

no homework

Homework

see the website for full list

• Read the documentation
• Setup your own workspace
• Write some PHP

Have questions?

• Ask on qa
• Open issue on GitHub dyweb/course
• Come to Rotunda, office hour (Xbox hour): Mon-Fri, 10:00 - 17:00